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1.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33572650

ABSTRACT

Aedes aegypti is a cosmopolitan vector for arboviruses dengue, Zika and chikungunya, disseminated in all Brazilian states. The Eco-Bio-Social (EBS) strategy is vital in Aedes aegypti control as it mobilizes stakeholders (government, professionals, society, and academics) to promote healthy environments. This paper describes the rationale and methods of expanding the EBS strategy for Aedes aegypti control in Fortaleza, Northeast Brazil. A cluster, non-randomized controlled clinical trial was developed to analyze the strategy's effectiveness in vulnerable territories (high incidence of dengue and violent deaths; low HDI; substandard urban infrastructure, high population density, and water scarcity). We selected two intervention and two control groups, resulting in a sample of approximately 16,000 properties. The intervention consisted of environmental management by sealing large elevated water tanks, introduction of beta fish in waterholes, elimination of potential breeding sites, and mobilization and training of schoolchildren, endemic disease workers, health workers, social mobilizers, and community leaders; community surveillance of arboviruses; construction and validation of a booklet for the prevention of arboviruses in pregnant women. We analyzed the costs of arboviruses to government and households, the intervention cost-effectiveness, chikungunya's chronicity, and acceptance, sustainability, and governance of vector control actions. The primary outcome (infestation) was analyzed using the house, container, and Breteau indices. We hope that this study will help us understand how to scale up strategies to fight Aedes aegypti in vulnerable areas.


Subject(s)
Aedes , Dengue , Zika Virus Infection , Zika Virus , Animals , Brazil/epidemiology , Child , Dengue/epidemiology , Dengue/prevention & control , Female , Humans , Mosquito Control , Mosquito Vectors , Pregnancy , Zika Virus Infection/epidemiology , Zika Virus Infection/prevention & control
2.
Ciênc. cuid. saúde ; 19: e46952, 20200000.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1375090

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: conhecer as percepções de gestantes de alto risco sobre a hospitalização durante a gravidez. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa, com 32 gestantes de alto risco hospitalizadas em uma maternidade pública de referência no estado do Ceará. A coleta das informações ocorreu de julho a setembro de 2016, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, e as falas foram submetidas à análise categorial temática. Resultados: os relatos das gestantes de alto risco revelam suas vivências e compreensão acerca do processo de hospitalização, realçando os procedimentos realizados, os sentimentos e as relações estabelecidas, discutidas a partir das subcategorias: Conhecendo a vivência da hospitalização na gestação de alto risco e Significado da hospitalização para a gestante de alto risco. Considerações finais: a vivência da hospitalização, embora responsável por despertar diversos sentimentos e sensações negativas na vida da gestante, também é percebida como um evento necessário para a atenção especializada e para a monitorização da gravidez.


RESUMEN Objetivo: conocer las percepciones de gestantes de alto riesgo sobre la hospitalización durante el embarazo. Metodología: estudio descriptivo, exploratorio de abordaje cualitativo, con 32 gestantes de alto riesgo hospitalizadas en una maternidad pública de referencia en el Estado de Ceará-Brasil. La recolección de las informaciones ocurrió de julio a septiembre de 2016, por medio de entrevista semiestructurada y los relatos fueron sometidos al análisis categorial temático. Resultados: las narraciones de las gestantes de alto riesgo revelan sus experiencias y la comprensión sobre el proceso de hospitalización, destacando los procedimientos realizados, los sentimientos y las relaciones establecidas, discutidas a partir de las subcategorías: Conociendo la experiencia de la hospitalización en la gestación de alto riesgo y Significado de la hospitalización para la gestante de alto riesgo. Consideraciones finales: la experiencia de la hospitalización, aunque responsable por despertar diversos sentimientos y sensaciones negativas en la vida de la gestante, también es percibida como un evento necesario para la atención especializada y para el monitoreo del embarazo.


ABSTRACT Objective: To know the perceptions of high-risk pregnant women about hospitalization during pregnancy. Methodology: Descriptive, exploratory study with a qualitative approach, with 32 high-risk pregnant women hospitalized in public maternity of reference in the state of Ceará. The information was collected from July to September 2016, through semi-structured interviews, and the statements were submitted to thematic categorical analysis. Results: The reports of high-risk pregnant women reveal their experiences and understanding of the hospitalization process, highlighting the procedures performed, the feelings and the relationships established, discussed from the subcategories: Knowing the experience of hospitalization in high-risk pregnancies and Meaning of hospitalization for high-risk pregnant women. Final considerations: Although responsible for several feelings and negative sensations in the life of the pregnant woman, the experience of hospitalization is also perceived as a necessary event for specialized care and for monitoring pregnancy.

3.
Cien Saude Colet ; 22(12): 3945-3954, 2017 Dec.
Article in Portuguese, English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29267711

ABSTRACT

The Health Promotion paradigm led to the acknowledgment of health due to factors linked to the social, political and economic contexts. In Brazil, health inequities are one of the most striking features of the health situation, challenging the effectiveness of intersectoral policies. This study aimed to understand the perception of socially vulnerable community dwellers of the problems that interfere with the health conditions and the coping strategies used. The methodology consisted of a participatory research based on the participatory diagnosis conducted with 31 key informants from the community studied in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. As a result, participants evidenced that the community has health issues due to weak intersectoral actions (infrastructure, public safety, basic sanitation, garbage collection, among others) and that they seek to address them through social mobilization actions and institutional support. Thus, Participatory Diagnosis is thought to increase social involvement with health promotion and problem solving and contributes to ensuring the right to the city to all its residents.


O paradigma da Promoção da Saúde inaugurou o reconhecimento da saúde como resultante de fatores interligados ao contexto social, político e econômico. No Brasil, as iniquidades são consideradas uns dos traços mais marcantes da situação de saúde, desafiando a efetividade de políticas intersetoriais. O presente estudo objetivou conhecer a percepção dos moradores de uma comunidade em situação de vulnerabilidade social sobre os problemas que interferem nas condições de saúde e as estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas. Foi utilizada como metodologia a pesquisa participante, guiada pelo Diagnóstico Participativo, contando com 31 informantes-chave da comunidade em estudo localizada em Fortaleza, Ceará. Como resultado, os participantes evidenciaram que a comunidade apresenta problemas no campo da saúde decorrentes da fragilidade de ações intersetoriais (infraestrutura, segurança pública, saneamento básico, recolhimento de lixo e outros) e que buscam enfrentamentos a partir de ações de mobilização social e apoio de instituições. Diante do exposto, verifica-se que o Diagnóstico Participativo pode vir a ampliar o envolvimento social com a promoção da saúde e o enfrentamento de problemas, além de contribuir para a garantia do direito à cidade a todos os seus moradores.


Subject(s)
Community-Based Participatory Research/organization & administration , Health Policy , Health Promotion/methods , Vulnerable Populations , Adaptation, Psychological , Brazil , Focus Groups , Health Status Disparities , Humans , Sanitation
4.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 22(12): 3945-3954, Dez. 2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-890234

ABSTRACT

Resumo O paradigma da Promoção da Saúde inaugurou o reconhecimento da saúde como resultante de fatores interligados ao contexto social, político e econômico. No Brasil, as iniquidades são consideradas uns dos traços mais marcantes da situação de saúde, desafiando a efetividade de políticas intersetoriais. O presente estudo objetivou conhecer a percepção dos moradores de uma comunidade em situação de vulnerabilidade social sobre os problemas que interferem nas condições de saúde e as estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas. Foi utilizada como metodologia a pesquisa participante, guiada pelo Diagnóstico Participativo, contando com 31 informantes-chave da comunidade em estudo localizada em Fortaleza, Ceará. Como resultado, os participantes evidenciaram que a comunidade apresenta problemas no campo da saúde decorrentes da fragilidade de ações intersetoriais (infraestrutura, segurança pública, saneamento básico, recolhimento de lixo e outros) e que buscam enfrentamentos a partir de ações de mobilização social e apoio de instituições. Diante do exposto, verifica-se que o Diagnóstico Participativo pode vir a ampliar o envolvimento social com a promoção da saúde e o enfrentamento de problemas, além de contribuir para a garantia do direito à cidade a todos os seus moradores.


Abstract The Health Promotion paradigm led to the acknowledgment of health due to factors linked to the social, political and economic contexts. In Brazil, health inequities are one of the most striking features of the health situation, challenging the effectiveness of intersectoral policies. This study aimed to understand the perception of socially vulnerable community dwellers of the problems that interfere with the health conditions and the coping strategies used. The methodology consisted of a participatory research based on the participatory diagnosis conducted with 31 key informants from the community studied in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. As a result, participants evidenced that the community has health issues due to weak intersectoral actions (infrastructure, public safety, basic sanitation, garbage collection, among others) and that they seek to address them through social mobilization actions and institutional support. Thus, Participatory Diagnosis is thought to increase social involvement with health promotion and problem solving and contributes to ensuring the right to the city to all its residents.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adaptation, Psychological , Vulnerable Populations , Community-Based Participatory Research/organization & administration , Health Policy , Health Promotion/methods , Brazil , Sanitation , Focus Groups , Health Status Disparities
5.
Rev Saude Publica ; 47(4): 718-31, 2013 Aug.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24346663

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe the main characteristics of victims, roads and vehicles involved in traffic accidents and the risk factors involved in accidents resulting in death. METHODS A non-concurrent cohort study of traffic accidents in Fortaleza, CE, Northeastern Brazil, in the period from January 2004 to December 2008. Data from the Fortaleza Traffic Accidents Information System, the Mortality Information System, the Hospital Information System and the State Traffic Department Driving Licenses and Vehicle database. Deterministic and probabilistic relationship techniques were used to integrate the databases. First, descriptive analysis of data relating to people, roads, vehicles and weather was carried out. In the investigation of risk factors for death by traffic accident, generalized linear models were used. The fit of the model was verified by likelihood ratio and ROC analysis. RESULTS There were 118,830 accidents recorded in the period. The most common types of accidents were crashes/collisions (78.1%), running over pedestrians (11.9%), colliding with a fixed obstacle (3.9%), and with motorcycles (18.1%). Deaths occurred in 1.4% of accidents. The factors that were independently associated with death by traffic accident in the final model were bicycles (OR = 21.2, 95%CI 16.1;27.8), running over pedestrians OR = 5.9 (95%CI 3.7;9.2), collision with a fixed obstacle (OR = 5.7, 95%CI 3.1;10.5) and accidents involving motorcyclists (OR = 3.5, 95%CI 2.6;4.6). The main contributing factors were a single person being involved (OR = 6.6, 95%CI 4.1;10.73), presence of unskilled drivers (OR = 4.1, 95%CI 2.9;5.5) a single vehicle (OR = 3.9, 95%CI 2,3;6,4), male (OR = 2.5, 95%CI 1.9;3.3), traffic on roads under federal jurisdiction (OR = 2.4, 95%CI 1.8;3.7), early morning hours (OR = 2.4, 95%CI 1.8;3.0), and Sundays (OR = 1.7, 95%CI 1.3;2.2), adjusted according to the log-binomial model. CONCLUSIONS Activities promoting the prevention of traffic accidents should primarily focus on accidents involving two-wheeled vehicles that most often involves a single person, unskilled, male, at nighttime, on weekends and on roads where they travel at higher speeds.


Subject(s)
Accidents, Traffic/mortality , Automobile Driving , Bicycling , Motor Vehicles , Motorcycles , Accidents, Traffic/prevention & control , Accidents, Traffic/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Automobile Driving/statistics & numerical data , Bicycling/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Cohort Studies , Female , Hospital Information Systems , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Motor Vehicles/statistics & numerical data , Motorcycles/statistics & numerical data , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Time Factors , Urban Population
6.
Rev. saúde pública ; 47(4): 718-731, ago. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-695413

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO Analisar as características das vítimas, vias e veículos envolvidos em acidentes de trânsito e os fatores de risco de acidentes com ocorrência de óbito.  MÉTODOS Estudo de coorte não concorrente considerando os acidentes de trânsito em Fortaleza, CE, de janeiro de 2004 a dezembro de 2008. Foram utilizados dados do Sistema de Informação de Acidente de Trânsito de Fortaleza, do Sistema de Informações de Mortalidade, do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares e dos bancos de dados de Habilitação e Veículos do Departamento Estadual de Trânsito. Técnicas de relacionamento determinístico e probabilístico foram aplicadas para integrar as bases de dados. Efetuou-se a análise descritiva das variáveis relativas às pessoas, às vias, aos veículos e ao tempo. Foram utilizados os modelos lineares generalizados na investigação de fatores de risco para óbito por acidente de trânsito. O ajuste do modelo foi verificado pela razão de verossimilhança e análise ROC.  RESULTADOS Registraram-se 118.830 acidentes no período. Predominaram colisão/abalroamento (78,1%), atropelamentos (11,9%) e choque com obstáculo fixo (3,9%) e com motocicletas (18,1%). Ocorreram óbitos em 1,4% dos acidentes. Estiveram independentemente associados ao óbito por acidente de trânsito: bicicletas (OR = 21,2; IC95% 16,1;27,8), atropelamentos (OR = 5,9; IC95% 3,7;9,2), choque com obstáculo fixo (OR = 5,7; IC95% 3,1;10,5) e acidentes com motociclistas (OR = 3,5; IC95% 2,6;4,6). Os principais fatores contribuintes foram envolvimento de uma única pessoa (OR = 6,6; IC95% 4,1;10,73), presença de condutores não habilitados (OR = 4,1; IC95% 2,9;5,5) um único veículo envolvido (OR = 3,9; IC95% 2,3;6,4), sexo masculino (OR = 2,5; IC95% 1,9;3,3), ...


OBJETIVO Analizar las características de las víctimas, vías y vehículos involucrados en accidentes de tránsito y los factores de riesgo de accidentes con ocurrencia de óbito. MÉTODOS Estudio de cohorte no concurrente considerando los accidentes de tránsito en Fortaleza, CE, de enero de 2004 a diciembre de 2008. Se utilizaron datos del Sistema de Informaciones de Mortalidad, del Sistema de Informaciones Hospitalarias y de los bases de datos de Licencia para conducir y Vehículos del Departamento Estatal de Tránsito. Técnicas de relacionamiento determinístico y probabilístico se aplicaron para integrar las bases de datos. Se efectuó el análisis descriptivo de las variables relacionadas con las personas, las vías los vehículos y el tiempo. Se utilizaron los modelos lineales generalizados en la investigación de los factores de riesgo para óbito por accidente de tránsito. El ajuste del modelo fue verificado por la tasa de vero-semejanza y el análisis ROC. RESULTADOS Se registraron 118.830 accidentes en el período. Predominaron colisión/choque (78,1%), atropellamientos (11,9%), choque con obstáculo fijo (3,9%), con motocicletas (18,1%). Ocurrieron óbitos en 1,4% de los accidentes. Estuvieron independientemente asociados al óbito por accidente de tránsito: bicicletas (OR= 21,2; IC95% 16,1;27,8), atropellamientos (OR= 5,9; IC95% 3,7;9,2), choque con obstáculo fijo (OR= 5,7; IC95% 3,1;10,5) y accidentes con motociclistas (OR= 3,5; IC95% 2,6;4,6). Los principales factores contribuyentes fueron envolvimiento de una única persona (OR= 6,6; IC95% 4,1;10,73), presencia de conductores sin licencia para conducir (OR= 4,1; IC95% 2,9;5,5), un único vehículo involucrado (OR= 3,9; IC95% 2,3;6,4), sexo masculino (OR= 2,5; IC95% 1,9; 3,3), tránsito en vías de jurisdicción federal (OR= ...


OBJECTIVE : To describe the main characteristics of victims, roads and vehicles involved in traffic accidents and the risk factors involved in accidents resulting in death. METHODS A non-concurrent cohort study of traffic accidents in Fortaleza, CE, Northeastern Brazil, in the period from January 2004 to December 2008. Data from the Fortaleza Traffic Accidents Information System, the Mortality Information System, the Hospital Information System and the State Traffic Department Driving Licenses and Vehicle database. Deterministic and probabilistic relationship techniques were used to integrate the databases. First, descriptive analysis of data relating to people, roads, vehicles and weather was carried out. In the investigation of risk factors for death by traffic accident, generalized linear models were used. The fit of the model was verified by likelihood ratio and ROC analysis. RESULTS There were 118,830 accidents recorded in the period. The most common types of accidents were crashes/collisions (78.1%), running over pedestrians (11.9%), colliding with a fixed obstacle (3.9%), and with motorcycles (18.1%). Deaths occurred in 1.4% of accidents. The factors that were independently associated with death by traffic accident in the final model were bicycles (OR = 21.2, 95%CI 16.1;27.8), running over pedestrians OR = 5.9 (95%CI 3.7;9.2), collision with a fixed obstacle (OR = 5.7, 95%CI 3.1;10.5) and accidents involving motorcyclists (OR = 3.5, 95%CI 2.6;4.6). The main contributing factors were a single person being involved (OR = 6.6, 95%CI 4.1;10.73), presence of unskilled drivers (OR = 4.1, 95%CI 2.9;5.5) a single vehicle (OR = 3.9, 95%CI 2,3;6,4), male (OR = 2.5, 95%CI 1.9;3.3), traffic on roads under federal jurisdiction (OR = 2.4, 95%CI 1.8;3.7), early morning hours (OR = 2.4, 95%CI 1.8;3.0), and Sundays (OR = 1.7, 95%CI 1.3;2.2), adjusted according to the log-binomial model. CONCLUSIONS Activities promoting the prevention of ...


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Accidents, Traffic/mortality , Automobile Driving , Bicycling , Motor Vehicles , Motorcycles , Accidents, Traffic/prevention & control , Accidents, Traffic/statistics & numerical data , Automobile Driving/statistics & numerical data , Bicycling/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Cohort Studies , Hospital Information Systems , Motor Vehicles/statistics & numerical data , Motorcycles/statistics & numerical data , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Time Factors , Urban Population
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